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1. Introduction1.1. Course Structure1.2. Learning Goals1.3. Course Lecturers1.4. Topics1.5. Bibliography1.6. Tools1.7. Evaluation1.8. Agreements
2. Course Project2.1. Scope2.2. Rules of the Game2.3. Important Dates2.4. Requirements2.5. Tips
3. Git 1013.1. Introduction3.2. Installing Git3.3. Basic shell commands3.4. Git commands3.5. Ignoring files3.6. Branches3.7. Remote repositories
4. How Java Works4.1. Introduction4.2. Java Architecture4.3. Variables and Parameters4.4. Java Memory Model
5. Exception Handling5.1. Introduction5.2. Exception Types5.3. Declaring Exceptions Thrown by Methods5.4. Throwing Exceptions5.5. Custom Exceptions5.6. Accessing the Stack Trace
6. Inheritance6.1. Introduction6.2. Interfaces6.3. Method Overriding6.4. Multiple Inheritance6.5. Abstract Classes6.6. Method Overloading6.7. Polymorphism6.8. The Object Class6.9. Casting
7. Generic Programming7.1. Introduction7.2. Generic Methods7.3. Bounded and Unbounded Type Parameters7.4. Generic Types
8. Arrays8.1. One Dimensional Arrays8.2. Multidimensional Arrays8.3. The Arrays class8.4. Varags8.5. Limitations
9. Java Collections Framework9.1. Introduction9.2. The Collection Interface9.3. Lists9.4. Sets9.5. Queues9.6. The Collections Class9.7. Maps9.8. Choosing My Collection
10. Lambda Expressions10.1. Introduction10.2. What is a Lambda Expression?10.3. Functional Interfaces10.4. Local Variables in Lambda Expressions10.5. Standard Functional Interfaces10.6. Sorting with Lambdas
11. Streams11.1. Introduction11.2. Pipelines11.3. IntStream11.4. Optionals11.5. Operations
12. Maven12.1. Introduction12.2. Compiling Java12.3. Getting Started12.4. Coordinates12.5. Repositories12.6. Project Object Model12.7. Dependencies12.8. Standard Directory Layout12.9. Lifecycles and Phases12.10. Wrapper12.11. Archetypes12.12. Maven and Git12.13. Common Maven plugins
13. Testing13.1. Introduction13.2. Getting Started with JUnit 513.3. Basics of JUnit 513.4. JUnit Lifecycle API13.5. Expected Exceptions13.6. Timeouts13.7. Nested Tests13.8. Repeating Tests13.9. Third-party Assertion Libraries13.10. FIRST Properties of Good Tests13.11. What to Test: The Right-BICEP13.12. Boundary Conditions: The CORRECT Way
14. Regular Expressions14.1. String Manipulation14.2. Writing Regular Expressions14.3. Using Regular Expressions in String Methods14.4. Regex API
15. Design Patterns15.1. Instructions15.2. What is a Design Pattern?15.3. Gang of Four Design Patterns
16. I/O16.1. File manipulation16.2. I/O Streams16.3. Reading: FileReader and BufferedReader16.4. Reading: Scanner16.5. Reading: Files16.6. Writing Text Files
17. Serialization17.1. Introduction17.2. CSV17.3. JSON17.4. Reading and writing JSON with Jackson17.5. Binary serialization
18. Multithreading18.1. Concurrency18.2. Processes & Threads18.3. Multithreading in Java18.4. Thread Synchronization18.5. Thread Signaling
8. Arrays
Programming Project 2021/22

8.5. Limitations

Although arrays are very efficient lightweight data types, they have several limitations we should be aware of:

  1. They can hold only single-type objects
  2. They have fixed length
  3. They offer us limited functionality
    • set-at-index,
    • get-at-index and
    • length

In many cases, we need more sophisticated data structures to help us solve our programming problems, such as:

  • Arrays that can grow and shrink dynamically
  • Queues
  • Stacks
  • Sets
  • Maps
  • Trees
  • Graphs

For those, we can rely on the Java Collections API, which we will see in the following module.

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